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According to the Federal Communications Commission FCC 05-116 Section
III. DISCUSSION A. Scope 24.
The E911 rules the commission adopts today apply to those VoIP services
that can be used to receive telephone calls that originate on the PSTN
and can be used to terminate calls to the PSTN - "interconnected VoIP
services."
So, if a VoIP provider has a service for businesses that meets these
criteria, then the mandate would apply to them.
There are proposed solutions for meeting the E911 requirements when
using Wi-Fi phones. One company addressing this is Skyhook Wireless.
You cannot have a VoIP user opt-out.
According to the Federal Communications Commission FCC 05-116 Section
III. DISCUSSION C. Requirements
47. Customer Requirements. In light of the recent incidents involving
problems with 911 access from interconnected VoIP services,149 it is
clear that not all providers of interconnected VoIP are including E911
as a standard feature of their services.150 We find that allowing
customers of interconnected VoIP providers to opt-in to or, for that
matter, opt-out of E911 service is fundamentally inconsistent with our
obligation to "encourage and support efforts by States to deploy
comprehensive end-to-end emergency communications infrastructure and
programs." Thus, interconnected VoIP providers must, as a condition of
providing that service to a consumer, provide that consumer with E911
service as outlined in the requirements above.
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